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";s:4:"text";s:12055:"Four were treated with specific (Pasteur) antivenom, five were mildly anaemic at some stage, three had peripheral leukocytosis, three thrombocytopenia, while three showed a mild coagulopathy. Getty Images bietet exklusive rights-ready und erstklassige lizenzfreie analoge, HD- und 4K-Videos in höchster Qualität. All three soldiers died." A direct action of venom enzymes, such as the phospholipase A2, may have contributed to erythrocyte damage. Family: Viperidae. Intravenous heparin (10 000 units/24 h) was given for one day starting on day 2, in an attempt to inhibit thrombin formation (see Discussion). Although females are larger, both sexes share the same general body structure and color patterns. This snake is an ambush hunter that will coil up into a striking position and await its prey. Like many other published cases, both patients developed massive swelling of the bitten limb, with bruising and, in Patient 1, a small area of necrosis. Factor VII and factor VIII activities were normal and antithrombin III activity was slightly diminished (73%; normal range 75–120%). by rubbing together the obliquely-angled, saw-toothed scales along its flanks. Similarly, spiders found in the desert tend to have venom that be dangerous to smaller creatures, but is unlikely to harm humans. Patient 2: changes in haematological variables and renal function after antivenom treatment. A 63-year-old retired car salesman, presented to Chur regional hospital, Switzerland, on 19 May 2001 at 1400 h. One and a half hours earlier, he had been bitten on the index finger of his left hand by his pet Saharan horned viper, which he designated ‘Cerastes cerastes mutila’ (Figure 2). 30-60 cm The Saharan horned viper is a venomous snake native to the deserts of northern Africa and parts of the Middle East. apud Millett, Pratt 2000. Jeden Tag werden Tausende neue, hochwertige Bilder hinzugefügt. There is a small literature on envenoming by desert horned vipers. Female desert horned vipers lay 12 to 24 eggs at a time. But other snakes like members of the family Homalopsine in Asia use it while traversing mud flats. Gastrointestinal Bleeding among Hospitalizations for Salicylate Poisoning in the United States, Ivermectin shows clinical benefits in mild to moderate COVID19: A randomised controlled double-blind, dose-response study in Lagos, Association of Physicians launches webinars in translational medicine, Disseminated BCG Infection after intravesical BCG Immunotherapy Of Bladder Cancer, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.qjmed.a005108, Receive exclusive offers and updates from Oxford Academic, Copyright © 2021 Association of Physicians of Great Britain and Ireland. lizards but also on mammals and birds that inhabit its arid environment. Subspecies. while it is actually going in another," according to The Encyclopedia have serious consequences. Marrakchi N, Barbouche R, Guermazi S, Karoui H, Bon C, El Ayeb M. Cerastotin, a serine protease from Cerastes cerastes venom, with platelet-aggregating and agglutinating properties. There is a report of a stroke directly attributable to C. cerastes envenoming,22 but our patient's symptoms appeared at a time when the anti-haemostatic effects of envenoming and circulating level of venom had been controlled by two substantial doses of antivenom. The Rhino-horned Viper is widespread over much of the tropical forests of the equators. Two hours after starting antivenom, his serum venom antigen concentration had dropped to 2.2 ng/ml. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); DesertUSA Newsletter -- We send articles on hiking, camping and places to explore, as well as animals, wildflower reports, plant information and much more. Sidewinders Eat Other Snakes. Jeden Tag werden Tausende neue, hochwertige Bilder hinzugefügt. within its range: The Desert Horned Viper can deliver a bite that – while not usually fatal – can Marrakchi N, Barbouche R, Bon C, el Ayeb M. Cerastatin, a new potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation from the venom of the Tunisian viper, Cerastes cerastes. This snake, captive-bred (F2) from southern Moroccan stock, was 7 years old and 60 cm in total length. There were no other abnormal physical signs. The UAE has many venomous living in both sand desert and rocky mountainous environments. https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/snake-15-deadliest-serpents/10 He became fatigued and nauseated, and he vomited. Twenty-two and a half hours after the bite, C. cerastes venom antigen concentration was 28.2 ng/ml. Warrell DA. Cairo, l’Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale, Essai sur la faune erpétologique de l’oranie, Les venins des animaux venimeux et la sérothérapie antivenimeuse. Lifshitz M, Kapelushnik J, Ben-Harosh M, Sofer S. Disseminated intravascular coagulation after Cerastes vipera envenomation in a three-year-old child: a case report. Mandaville J. Compared to most snakes in the region, this species is Of all venomous snakes, the horned viper is considered to be the most abundant in its range. Keimer L. Histoires de serpents dans l’Égypte ancienne et moderne. worm.” She held one to her breast and a second to her arm, allowing each of them The desert horned viper might have been the snake that inflicted Cleopatra’s deadly wound if she committed suicide, and the other contender is that the Egyptian cobra (Naja haje). (1973) described six cases of C. cerastes bite admitted to hospital in Tel Aviv.28 Most of the patients had applied tourniquets, and three developed necrosis of bitten fingers, requiring amputation in one. Before antivenom administration, the patient received 100 mg of prednisolone intravenously, 2 mg of clemastine (a histamine anti-H1 blocker) intravenously and 0.25 mg epinephrine subcutaneously as prophylaxis against anaphylactic reactions. The moving technique of these snakes is very unnatural. played a prominent, and sometimes mystical, role in the history of the Egyptians, The shefifon or Persian horned viper buries itself in the southern desert areas, coiled in loose sands. The Snake who inspired the Ancients! Saharan horned viper (Cerastes cerastes). Controversies in differentiating thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Fragmented erythrocytes were seen on day 1 and persisted until day 11. Over the next three days, his haemoglobin concentration and platelet count fell, and there was continuing deterioration in his renal function (Table 2). Severe and even fatal envenoming by C. cerastes was reported in the 19th century. It also occurs in the southern reaches of the Arabian Peninsula. It buries itself by shimmying its body into the fine loose sand, which it desert ranges, from northern Africa into the Middle East. Chavasse (1891) provided what is probably the only account of a fatal bite by this species.21 A 28-year-old man was bitten twice on the index finger by a horned viper near Laghouat oasis, 400 km south of Algiers. DESERT HORNED VIPER Cerastes cerastes gasperetti. In Patient 2, the clinical picture raised the possibility of haemolytic-uraemic-syndrome (HUS), but the evidence of marked coagulopathy in both cases strictly excludes this diagnosis.34–36. Among the most dangerous are the black snake or desert cobra, the horned desert viper, the saw-scaled viper, the false horned viper and the Palestinian viper - … Initially, there was some pain and local swelling but after drinking heavily, he slept for most of the train journey back to Sheffield. After consultation with DAW, 10 ampoules of Behringwerke Near and Middle East polyspecific antivenom were administered 23–24 h after the bite and, in view of his deteriorating renal function, he was admitted to the Renal Unit. M. Schneemann, R. Cathomas, S.T. Werner YL, Sivan N. Systematics and zoo geography of Cerastes (Ophidia: Viperidae) in the Levant: 2. On admission, he was complaining of increasing pain, swelling and bruising in the bitten limb. A number of cases of C. cerastes envenoming have been described in Israel. The Kenyan sand boa lives in the semiarid deserts, scrub savannahs, and rock outcroppings of Northern Africa. Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, First clinical experiences with a new ovine Fab Echis ocellatus snake bite antivenom in Nigeria: randomised comparative trial with Pasteur Ipser Africa antivenom. or more. Geographical and intraspecies variation in the clinical manifestations of envenoming by snakes. In the 5th century AD, the Greek historian Herodotus found that at Thebes in Upper Egypt, horned vipers were deemed sacred9 and their bodies were embalmed.10 These snakes have captured the attention of desert travellers from the time of James Bruce of Kinnaird in the 18th century7,11 to Doughty, Philby and Thesiger in the 20th.12, The genus Cerastes (Viperinae) comprises three species of desert vipers: C. cerastes (Saharan horned viper) (Figure 1) distributed across North Africa as far as south-western Israel and also in south-western Arabia; C. gasperettii (Gasperetti's horned viper), from the Arava Valley of south-eastern Israel, east through the Arabian peninsula to western Iran; and C. vipera (Saharan sand-viper), a much smaller species which never has supraocular horns.13,14 In the past, C. cerastes and C. gasperettii were known by many other scientific names, including C. cornutus, C. aegyptiacus, and Aspis cerastes. You can find them in North America and Middle East. Low dose subcutaneous adrenaline to prevent acute adverse reactions to antivenom serum in people bitten by snakes: randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Cleopatra used Death Adder for killing herself. If touched, the horns fold flush against the head, providing a streamlining This clinical study has demonstrated the ability of C. cerastes to cause complicated and potentially fatal envenoming, a warning to those exotic-snake enthusiasts who keep this species in captivity, and to those who live, work, travel and go to war in its extensive eremic domain. Giangrande of the Oxford Haemophilia Centre and Thrombosis Unit for helpful discussion. The following morning, the patient noticed difficulty in picking up a cup and reading the newspaper. that inflicted Cleopatra’s fatal wound when that legendary woman used a serpent Desert horned vipers also can be found in the arid southern regions of the Arabian Peninsula, Iraq and Israel. There was upper abdominal pain and vomiting. the Desert Horned Viper “moves randomly over a large area” according to Snakes: Efrati P. Symptomatology, pathology and treatment of the bites of viperid snakes. Thrombin-like activities of venoms are not inhibited by heparin,46 and it has never been proved effective in clinical trials,47 even in victims of Russell's vipers (Daboia russelii and D. siamensis) envenoming in whom there is some slight theoretical basis for its use.48 Heparin increases the risk of haemorrhage in victims of viper bites and should never be risked in the treatment of these patients.49 Our Patient 1, who had pre-existing hypertension and peripheral vascular disease affecting the femoral and cerebral arteries, with a history of a previous stroke, developed neurological symptoms on the fourth day after the bite. Feb 5, 2014 - This Pin was discovered by Kara L.. The venom, according to a report published in the Oxford Journal of Medicine, has more than 13 different toxins—a witch’s brew of poisons that may vary in mix by geographical location within the reptile’s range. Synonym: Desert horned viper. 97 no. and much smaller C. vipera, shares much of the same range occupied by C. cerastes. The earliest known account of a treatment for the bite of the Desert Horned Download this stock image: Desert Horned Viper Snake, Cerastes cerastes, North Africa, venomous viper species native to the deserts of Northern Africa and parts of the Middle E - K0EJ2T from Alamy's library of millions of high resolution stock photos, illustrations and vectors. ";s:7:"keyword";s:24:"desert horned viper bite";s:5:"links";s:809:"Remnant: From The Ashes Tank Build 2020, Kenmore Refrigerator Noise Stops When Door Open, Golden Police Twitter, 9mm 147 Grain Titegroup Load Data, Mn Tabs Cost Lookup, Unity Combine Sprites, Lds Missions 2020, ";s:7:"expired";i:-1;}