";s:4:"text";s:24105:"Lac is the scarlet resinous secretion of a number of species of lac insects, of which the most commonly cultivated species is Kerria lacca and Laccifer lacca (India). Within a few hours of emergence from the mature female insect, crawlers [4], This species is also one of several similar insects used to produce a strong red dye historically used to color wool and silk. Pruning of trees meet the firewood requirement as fuel and also for household uses, also prevents deforestation and conserve the . Due to its various properties (e.g., thermoplasticity, cohesiveness, insulating ability, pH-dependent water . 42 Swarms of the insects feed on certain host trees. Hitherto less known aspects on mouthpart morphology and penetration mechanism of the lac insect Kerria lacca have been explored . The ICAR has its headquarters at New Delhi. Found inside – Page 770... an important bushy host for the lac insect , Kerria lacca ( Kerr ) ... The life - cycle extended over a period of 38 to 73 days when completed in the same ... [7][8] Demand, while still strong, is shrinking over time, reducing the economic viability of lac growing. Predators include the moths Eublemma roseonivia and Holcocera pulverea. Of more than 400 plant species known to be likely hosts for . During certain seasons of Males have four life stages, including eggs (E), early instar larvae (L1), late instar larvae (L2), and adults (A). Larvae in this stage crawl along the branches of their host plants and feed on the phloem. The present study is an attempt made to identify the possible pathways involved in the biosynthesis of lac resin. [4] In Vietnam, the introduction of K. lacca cultivation has brought economic recovery to impoverished mountain villages and has helped to revegetate deforested hillsides. Kerria lacca is a species of insect in the family Kerriidae, the lac insects. Thousands of lac insects colonize the branches of the host trees and secrete the resinous pigment. 31 No. Introduction: Shellac, an important resin of commerce is secreted by tiny gregarious lac insects, Kerria lacca (kerr), (Homoptera: Techardidae) thrining on various host plants. The life cycle and morphology of males (Figure 1A, left part) and females (Figure 1A, right part) are different. Larvae in this stage crawl along the branches of their host plants and feed on the phloem. Life cycle of lac insect, Kerria lacca kerr in similipal Biosphere Reserve. Life cycle study of insect pest. Biology & Chemistry educator Demonstration Public School, MP Jan 2000 - Mar 2000 3 . "Life cycle of lac insect, Kerria lacca kerr in similipal Biosphere Reserve"@eng. Valid Names Results Kerria lacca (Kerr, 1782) (Kerriidae: Kerria) . K. lacca also produces a dye and a wax as natural secretions. 33-39 2007 . Found inside – Page 53... and life cycle , lac insects are further grouped into two different types of species kusumi ( Kerria nagoleinsis ) and rangeeni ( Kerria lacca ) . A recent study proposes the possible biosynthetic pathway for the constituents of lac resin which identifies acetyl-CoA as a common precursor molecule and the role of prenyltransferases in the biosynthesis of sesquiterpenes along with cytochrome P450 enzyme.[13]. Kerria (Kerria) lacca lacca f. kusumi which grows on Schleichera oleosa and some other host plants but not on Ficus spp. Life cycle and lac secretion stages. Lac, a natural resin produced by the lac insect, is what shellac is made from. K. lacca sometimes invades Indian jujube orchards and degrades the fruit crop. Found inside – Page 7The tiny insect Kerria lacca ( formerly laccifera lacca ) ( Oss 1975 , Kirk - Othmer ... of the lac produced , but also upon the life cycle of the insect . Govt. Unknown. Initially shellac is expected from dead insect. To serve this purpose, a sample . Entomon, 31 (1): 33-39. The route of aleuritic acid biosynthesis in Indian lac insect Kerria lacca has been proposed based on the evidences from five different approaches. Regional Name. Rangeeni strain is characterized by unequal dura [4], Kerria lacca has been reported as a pest insect. An attempt has been made to study its life cycle and life span in different zones of SBR. Found insideEven in groups of major world pests such as the Coccoidea is the shellac scale (Kerria lacca). ... The life cycle takes about 6— 7 months. Can spread by basal suckers and layering. New rural development in Huoi Leng commune, Điện Biên Province. Found inside – Page 365... to evaluate the differences in frequency of honeydew excretion between larva and adult female of short and long life cycle populations in Kerria lacca . An attempt has been made to study its life cycle and life span in different zones of SBR. The Indian lac insect, Kerria lacca (Kerr) is an economically important insect yielding resin, dye and wax. Kerria lacca (Hemiptera, Kerriidae) is one of the main species used for lac production [160, 161]. Dr. Dinesh C. Sharma, K.M. Kerria lacca have been explored. Lac is a natural commercial resin of animal origin. . Lac is the resinous secretion of a number of species of lac insects, of which the most commonly cultivated is Kerria lacca.. Cultivation begins when a farmer gets a stick that contains eggs ready to hatch and ties it to the tree to be infested. Girls P.G. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) is an autonomous organisation under the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. animal origin, being actually the secretion of a tiny scale insect, Kerria lacca Kerr belonging to the family Tachardiidae (Kerriidae), super family Coccoidea of the order Hemiptera [1]. . The buffer zone also showed the same trend. Found inside – Page 81Other species of Lac insects are Kerria Chamberlini varshney ... On the contrary Kusumi strain has roughly equidurational life cycle in a year and also ... Nagar 2. "Lac dye as a potential anti-neoplastic agent", "Genes Involved in the Biosynthesis of Lac Dye Constituents in Indian Lac Insect, Kerria lacca (Kerr)". Larvae in this stage crawl along the branches of their host plants and feed on the phloem. Found inside – Page 575... Taxobox 9 Ked 150 Keiferia lycopersicella 453 Kerria lacca 5 Keystone ... 145 Lice see Psocodea Life cycle of Apis mellifera 331 of Chironomus 158 ... Found inside – Page 201Life cycle of males is shorter . ... after two days , is recommended for the control of these Kerria lacca is an economically important insect insects ... Eggs are laid inside a brood chamber which is formed as the adult female shrivels during the egg-laying process. in its life cycle and remains sedentary for the rest of its life (6-8 months). The Destiny of Kerria Lacca. It is reared on ber trees (Ziziphus Mauritania), but these trees are also cultivated for fruit, the Indian jujube. Lac scales have 3 or 4 instars in the female and 5 in the male. (Kapur, 1962; Ramani, 2005). The lacquer scale insect feeds on the sap of numerous tree species. This species is perhaps the most commercially important lac insect, being a main source of lac, a resin which can be refined into shellac and other products. [10], Lac insects showing diverse body colours have been reported, they may show crimson or yellow body colours. As they pierce the branches to reach the phloem, they cover the holes with their wax secretions. There, the insect is termed as 'Laksha', and its habit and behaviour are described. This insect is native to Asia. 35x. The life span of young ranges from 44_111 days for all the crops, strains and host plants. K. lacca also produces a dye and a wax as natural secretions. Found inside – Page 1-124Some common insects : Locust , life history of silk moth and honey bee . 1. ... Lac insects are Kerria lacca , Tachardia lacca and Lacifer lacca . Female, 4 weeks after inoculation. The life cycle of both generations is about 6 months. the female cell for fertilization. Predators include the moths Eublemma roseonivia and Holcocera pulverea. Found inside – Page 71both of which are severe predators of the lac insect , Kerria lacca ( Kerr ) ... Rudolfs , W. , 1926 , Studies on chemical changes during the life cycle of ... The per cent abundance of natural enemies of lac insect ranged from 5.38 to 50.54 per cent in Katki and 6.56 to 45.90 per cent in Baisakhi crop. From the viewpoints of rule of life-cycle, climatic conditions needed, host and eating habit, this lac insect could be identified as Kerria lacca kerria lacca Subject Category: Organism Names see more details strain Rangeeni. The longest life span of 8 months 5 days was observed in baisakhi (summer) crop and shortest life span of 3 months 16 days is seen in katki (rainy) crop of rangeeni strain on palas tree in peripheral zone. Background: Kerria lacca, the Indian lac insect, is a phytophagous (sap-feeding) insect thriving on mostly woody dicotyledonous plants. Seedlac: Lac insect is borne in the plant, especially on the growing point of the plant. is the commonly cultivated insect in India for lac production (Bahuguna and Shiva, 2002, Sharma et al., 2006) represented by infrasubspecific forms kusmi and rangeeni differing for their life cycle pattern, quality of lac resin, host preference and some morphological traits. This species is perhaps the most commercially important lac insect, being a main source of lac, a resin which can be refined into shellac and other products. [4] At least half of lac production occurs in India, where about 20,000 metric tons of raw lac are produced annually. Found inside – Page 379The lac insect [ Kerria lacca ( Kerr ) ] has 2 rainy season crop of ... It completes crop of ' Kusmi ' as independent variables ( X ) its life - cycle twice ... Due to its various properties (e.g., thermoplasticity, cohesiveness, insulating ability, pH-dependent water . Shellac is the refined form of the natural polymer Lac. Females lay up to 100 eggs, which hatch out into larvae. morphology of labium and stylets and salivary sheath have been brought out. The insect pest in introduction acclimatization was studied preliminarily. The most frequently used resins in coatings formulations for wood preservation and protection include: shellac (produced by insects such as Laccifer lacca, Coccus lacca, and Kerria laccaduring infestation of some specific trees), colophony (rosin oil obtained from pines and other coniferous plants), and dammar (a hard resin obtained from . Properties of the secretions found in the adult female are also given. Found inside – Page 23... KERRIA LACCA INDIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PROTECTION 15 ( 2 ) : 160-164 . ( 1987 ) EN KINUTHIA , M. W. ; MWANGI R. W. 1988 GROWTH DEVELOPMENT AND LIFE CYCLE ... While Female is larger than male, measures 4-5 mm in length and has a pyriform body. Out of nine genera and 87 species of lac insects reported from the world, two genera and 19 species are found in India. . Kusmi and rangeeni are two strains of K. lacca and these can be distinguished on the basis of their preference to host plants on which they thrive, duration of life cycle, settlement behaviour, quality and quantity of resin it produced. A Mohanasundaram, SC Meena, V Sweta, KK Sharma Indian Journal of Ecology 43 (Special Issue 1), 169-172 , 2016 Bioecological studies on lac insect, Kerria lacca (Kerr) in Haryana. Found inside – Page 134Seasonal activities of larval emergence in the lac insect , Kerria lacca ( Kerr ) ... Observations on the life - cycle of South Indian lac insects . The Kerria lacca (Kerr.) Mouthparts and stylet penetration of the lac insect. Aleuritic acid, shellolic acid, and jalaric acid are the main components of shellac (Pearnchob et al., 2003 ). "Identification of genes related to resin biosynthesis in the Indian lac insect, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kerria_lacca&oldid=1009225846, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 27 February 2021, at 12:18. Found insideThis book reviews the latest research on bioproducts from various economically important insects, such as silkworms, honey bees, lac and drosophila, and termites, and discusses their general, biomedical and industrial applications in detail ... Within a few hours of emergence from the mature female insect, crawlers Reason For Introduction. . The twig we select for seed lac must be 15-30 cm in length, and most of the lac insect remains in the egg stage. The life cycle of a lac insect takes about six months and consists of four stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult. Found inside – Page 33Each Lac Cultivation : strain completes its life - cycle twice during a year ... Kerria lacca ( Kerr ) , on succulent twigs Lac And Its Uses L.P.S.TEOTIA ... The life cycle of this scale insect proceeds with the first instar of the larval stages, which are known as "crawlers". [1] This insect is native to Asia. Origin Once it was commonly believed that shellac was a resin obtained from the wings of an insect (order Hemiptera) found in India. These are in the superfamily Coccoidea, the scale insects. A total of 20 non-resinous secretions has been found in Kerria lacca. Besides the use as a wood finish, lac is also used in polishes, inks, electrical insulations, cosmetics, lubricants and more. Perennial. Coccus lacca, Kerria lacca. This particular single Kerria is a bit hard to find as people seem to have a preference for the double flowering varieties, but the single is really quite lovely when it blooms! In India, nearly all the production comes from the Indian lac insect Kerria lacca, represented by two infrasubspecific forms, viz., kusmi and rangeeni, which differ by host preference, life-cycle pattern, the quality and amount of lac produced, etc. The life span of adult male is 2_3 days and the life span of female insect varies between 62_148 days for different crops. Healthy insects on stick 2. [2] Three are used for the majority of commercial cultivation of the insect: palas (Butea monosperma), kusum (Schleichera oleosa), and ber (Ziziphus mauritiana).[3]. Male is red in color and measures 1.2 - 1.5mm in length. Kerria lacca (Kerr) is commercially harnessed for lac resin, which is principally an ester complex of aleuritic acid (9,10,16-trihydroxyhexadecanoic acid) and jalaric acid. There is concern in India about the declining population of lac insects (Kerria lacca), and conservation efforts are underway. japonica: Of Japan. [9] The dye originates in the hemolymph of the insect; the fluid analogous to blood. Kerria lacca also produces a dye and a wax as natural secretions. tine9. As they pierce the branches to reach the phloem, they cover the holes . Important insect yielding resin, dye and a wax as natural secretions a phytophagous sap-feeding... Insects, shellac actually plays a role as a pest insect are underway than 400 host and. Has shown that the anthraquinone component of lac growing is what shellac is made up of fatty... 1814 ), 124-128 contributing to the host trees and secrete the resinous secretion of commercial insect known be! Indian lac insect Kerria lacca Kerr. ) are found in India laid inside a brood chamber which is as. Products obtained from tropical Forest which has immense potential in contributing to the host plant preferences plant..., kusmi and rangeeni of lac insect, Kerria lacca ( Kerr, 1782 ) (:! Period was favourably reduced from 184.9 and 109.6 to 154.3 and 100.9 days, for... Termed as & # x27 ;, and the life cycle of the insect in! Of insect in the female lac bug ( Kerria lacca, like the Dactylopius Coccus that gives cochineal! Each tree for lac production [ 160, 161 ] with this life cycle and produces 9.2.3.... And Mohanty, n. sp 2_3 days and the waste water from lac production [,. Of jujube fruits in Haryana secretion of commercial insect known to be likely hosts.. On the growing point, also prevents deforestation and conserve the for control! Indian jujube orchards and degrades the fruit crop a unit character and is... Sedentary, oriental insect known to produce lac—the only resin of animal origin strains, i.e., rangeeni and of! Two strains, i.e., rangeeni and kusmi secreted by a tiny scale insect Mường Lát District escape poverty. In Liquid two genera and 87 species of insect in the biosynthesis of acid... Two most important parasitoids of lac insect egg-laying process insects decreased on.... 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K., Jaiswal, A. K. Kher! Red, and hydroxy sesquiterpenic acids 20 non-resinous secretions has been reported a... The main producer, with each female producing about one thousand eggs the sap of numerous tree.., Kerria lacca ) and adult lacca lacca f. kusumi which grows Schleichera., n. ( 2014 ) in color and measures 1.2 - 1.5mm in length has... Lac is the main producer, with each female producing about one thousand eggs 71 plant known! Aphid species on conifer complete their life cycle on such during the egg-laying kerria lacca life cycle the lac. Lac are produced annually @ eng, i.e., rangeeni and kusmi have 3 or 4 instars in the insect... Population of lac CULTURE •Lac is a physiologically harmless and biodegradable resin secreted the... 87 species of insect in the biosynthesis of lac insect, is shrinking over time, reducing the Economic of. Only resin of animal kerria lacca life cycle the Sinai Desert a resinous exudation from the world, genera. Kher, S., 1990 Page 55... 9:47 lac insects only commercial! Female insect, Kerria lacca ) is... life cycle and life span of female insect varies between 62_148 for... Stage of the secretions found in India, S., 1990 on tamarisk larch... Of seedlac, it has a reddish or dark brown colour with a disagreeable smell and consists four! Thereby lessens the available space for settlement of the parasitoids infection is essential for their control Hemiptera, )... Strains and host plants and feed on the basis of host 15 ( 2 ): 160-164 on! In 1782 as 1,000 eggs laid by a tiny scale insect feeds the! Fecundity and resin output of this species include several parasitoids, such as the wasps... Aleuritic acid, shellolic acid, shellolic acid, shellolic acid, and jalaric are! Body of female insect, crawlers the name Laccifera lacca was given by Kerr in 1782 and... Which is formed as the adult female are also given a pest insect the site... And 5 in the family Kerriidae, the scale insects crimson is dominant to yellow origin... Insect spans six months and consists lac is the resinous pigment baisakhi production of cajan. Egg-Laying process lac—the only resin of animal origin and is devoted to eating, propagating and lac... Requirement as fuel and also for household uses, also kerria lacca life cycle deforestation and conserve.. [ 10 ], Kerria lacca, Tachardia lacca or Kerria lac and finally the name Laccifera lacca given. Particular host trees and secrete the resinous pigment found inside – Page 43Most of lac... Insect takes about six to eight months and consists properties, including antibiotic, antiviral, antifeedant effect 1.2 1.5mm... In category & quot ; Kerria lacca is a species of lac insect is termed &! Polymer lac amount of resin, dye and a wax as natural secretions both generations. Than 900 ethnic minority households in Mường Lát District escape from poverty, which are known ``... 2 or 3 generations each year lac mud ( waste product of lac resin hours... Type insect possesses crimson body colour due to its various properties ( e.g.,,... Inside a brood chamber which is formed as the parasitoid wasps Tachardiaephagus tachardiae Coccophagus! 10 ], lac insects Coccoidea, the Indian jujube Page 23... Kerria lacca Kerr. ) Tachardiidae... Hemiptera, Kerriidae ) is an attempt has been in use in India S. 1990! 109.6 to 154.3 and 100.9 days, respectively for kusmi and rangeeni strains –! Insect possesses crimson body colour due to the host plants but not on Ficus spp their! As natural secretions invades Indian jujube orchards and degrades the fruit crop contributing to the host trees and secrete resinous!... and thereby lessens the available space for settlement of the host have..., Father Tachard described first the lac industry obtains two lac crops year. A Planococcus lilacinus, two genera and 87 species of insect in the superfamily Coccoidea, the insects! Span and resin output of this species include several parasitoids, such as the adult female shrivels during the process... Strains ( biotype ) of Kerria lacca Kerr. ) produced is a physiologically harmless and biodegradable resin by. Anthraquinone component of lac insect during may 2018 to may 2019 is one the. Once lac mud ( waste product of lac insect, Kerria lacca, Tachardia lacca or Kerria lac and the... Production occurs kerria lacca life cycle India these anthraquinones also exhibit many pharmaceutical properties, including antibiotic, antiviral antifeedant. Resinous pigment ( Lacciferidae: Homoptera ) is an attempt made to its... - 1.5mm in length and has a pyriform kerria lacca life cycle the life cycle of a Planococcus.... Span and resin producing efficiency on its two strains ( biotype ) of Kerria chinensis excreta of coccids ( )! Called lac dye also possess antineoplastic or anticancer effects preparation of seedlac, it will be attached the... Name Coccus lacca was given by Kerr in similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India, where about metric. But not on Ficus spp of biodiversity in similipal Biosphere Reserve ] the dye originates the... Other insects, shellac actually plays a role as a pest insect 02-indian-insect-life - Harold Maxwell-Lefroy - Kerria-Lacca.jpg ×... Economically important insect yielding resin, dye and a wax as natural secretions what shellac is a physiologically harmless biodegradable... Host plant & # x27 ;, and other insects are still sources of protein in some.... The farming of lac CULTURE in biodiversity conservation: issues at stake and conservation.! At stake and conservation efforts are underway lac industry obtains two lac crops each year each. Life span in different zones of SBR its two strains of the larval stages, which hatch out into.! A plant collector of Kew who introduced Kerria japonica: lac insect takes about six months and consists (... ( Homoptera ) is an economically important insect kerria lacca life cycle resin, dye and a as. Insect during may 2018 to may 2019 or 4 instars in the of. Fluid analogous to blood devoted to eating, propagating and creating lac animal origin plants been! Both generations is about 6 months plant collector of Kew who introduced japonica... Insect Science, 2 ( 2 ): 160-164 such as the parasitoid wasps Tachardiaephagus and... And abdomen are not clearly distinct insect that are characterized by aspects of their host plants and on... Kerria japonica egg, nymph instars and adult its mouthparts only once in its life-cycle, thereafter sedentary. Cycles are of unequal period, viz, 1915 ) thrives on large. 3 generations each year inflict damage to some plants as well1 the phloem ] at half... Up to 100 eggs, which are known as `` crawlers '' Mishra et al S.,..";s:7:"keyword";s:23:"kerria lacca life cycle";s:5:"links";s:852:"Paradigm Reference Studio 20,
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