Hegemonic war arises from the structural conditions and disequilibrium of an international system, but its consequences are seldom predicted by statesmen. Really helpful and much more in-depth than more paraphrased summaries. Actually provides a decent substitute to the article itself.Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in:International anarchy = nothing to stop wars + self-help & security dilemmaHuman Nature (Akin to Hobbesian conception of Human nature) -> Seek to increase wealth and power until other humans, driven by similar passions, try to stop themAdvances of knowledge would not change the fundamental nature of human behavior and of international relationsIncrease in power would only intensify conflict and enhance the magnitude of war, driven by passion that dominates over reasonHierarchy of power -> order and stability to the systemDifferential growth of power in a state system would undermine status quo, leading to hegemonic war between declining and rising powersGame Theory: System becomes a zero-sum situation -> Increasing bipolarization can result in small events precipitating a major conflict -> Resolution of conflict would then determine the hierarchy of power in the systemEconomic and Technological -> Naval power aiding the expansion of commerce and the establishment of hegemonyMajor determinant of foreign policies as differing character of their domestic regimesAthens: Democracy, people were energetic, commercially disposed, expanding naval power and financial resources, increasing expansionisticSparta: Slavocracy, foreign policy conservative, attentive towards narrow interests of preserving domestic status quo, little interest in commerce or having an overseas empireAffected ALL the political units within one system of relations between sovereign states“If not the conscious motive, at any rate the inevitable consequence of the victory of at least one of the states or groups” -> Thus resulting in the transformation of the structure of the system of interstate relationsClausewitzian: Hegemonic wars become pure conflicts or clashes of society rather than the pursuit of limited policy objectivesIdeological Dimension: Athens and Sparta sought to reorder other societies in terms of their own political values and socioeconomic systemsIncompatibility between crucial elements of the existing international system and the changing distribution of power among the states within the system -> Resolution of the disequilibrium between the superstructure of the system and the underlying distribution of power would be by the outbreak and intensification of conflict into a hegemonic warWhether the declining or rising state is responsible for the warExplicit consequences of the war -> The theory postulates if the system is ripe for a fundamental transformation because of the profound ongoing changes in the international distribution of power and the larger economic and technological environment -> A hegemonic war might not necessarily be progressiveCannot easily handle perceptions that affect behavior and predict who will initiate a hegemonic warCannot forecast when a hegemonic war will occur and what the consequences will beCannot be tested and hence unable to meet rigorous scientific standard of falsifiabilityAt best complements other theories such as cognitive psychology and expected utility and must be integrated with themGutmann: Issue was the organization of the European state system as well as the internal economic and religious organization of domestic societyOrganizations becoming more important in military and political affairs -> The development of the modern bureaucratic state led to the exercise of military power as an instrument of foreign policyEmergence of the Treaty of Westphalia (1648) which emphasized on sovereignty and nonintervention Commercial revolution and the pluralistic European state system contributed to the expansion of the global market systemMorgenthau: “Rational relationship between violence as a means of foreign policy (…) has been destroyed by the possibility of all-out nuclear war.”However, the author asserts that the primary purpose of nuclear forces is for deterrence, and to prevent the outbreak of a hegemonic warfareThe fundamental characteristics of international affairs have be intensified by nuclear revolution -> Increase in distrust, uncertainty and insecurity caused states to arm themselves to prepare for warThucydides: The role of “accident” in war -> No guarantee that a minor conflict between superpowers would not set the motion towards mutual destruction
Every international system that the world has known has been a consequence of the territorial, economic, and diplomatic realignments that have followed hegemonic struggles. War and Change in World Politics introduces the reader to an important new theory of international political change. Germany was to be the strongest power in Europe but without being a hegemon. The hegemonic power punishment towards the aggressor is a symbol of the strength of a hegemonic power in maintaining the international stability.
War and Change in World Politics introduces the reader to an important new theory of international political change. The hegemonic conflict was ideological , between communism and capitalism , as well as geopolitical, between the Warsaw Pact countries (1955–1991) and NATO / SEATO / CENTO countries (1949–present). "The early 20th century, like the late 19th century was characterized by multiple Various perspectives on whether the US was or continues to be a hegemon have been presented since the end of the In the historical writing of the 19th century, the denotation of Culturally, hegemony also is established by means of Suggested examples of cultural imperialism include the latter-stage Political, economic, or military predominance or control of one state over othersThe Crown of Aragon: A Singular Mediterranean Empire. Hegemonic War In this article, Robert Gilpin discusses the general dynamics of international relations, which Thucydides had discovered: states behave according to "differential growth of power among states," or, "identified as the theory of hegemonic war." Thucydides’ theory of hegemonic war Causes of war and peace Wars are the result of changes to power balance, or…
The transnational historical materialist school sees states as important components of hegemonic orders but associates hegemony with the economic, political, and social structures that facilitate particular patterns of production within the world economy. War and Change in World Politics introduces the reader to an important new theory of international political change.
Following the war, the US and the USSR were the two strongest global powers and this created a bi-polar power dynamic in international affairs, commonly referred to as the Cold War. “The invariable symptoms of a society’s decline are excessive taxation, inflation, and balance-of-payments difficulties as … These world orders function via the propagation of rules and norms, many of which are given legitimacy through international … 1st and 2nd century Europe was dominated by the hegemonic peace of the From the late 9th to the early 11th century, the empire developed by In late 16th and 17th-century Holland, the Dutch Republic's After the defeat and exile of Napoleon, hegemony largely passed to the Arguing that the fundamental nature of international relations has not changed over the millennia, Professor Gilpin uses history, sociology, and economic theory to identify the forces causing change in the world order. In Europe, Germany, rather than Britain, may have been the strongest power after 1871, but Samuel Newland writes:Bismarck defined the road ahead as … no expansion, no push for hegemony in Europe. … His basic axioms were first, no conflict among major powers in Central Europe; and second, German security without German hegemony. Arguing that the fundamental nature of international relations has not changed over the millennia, Professor Gilpin uses history, sociology, and economic theory to identify the forces causing change in the world order. Brutt-Griffler, J., in Karlfried Knapp, Barbara Seidlhofer, H. G. Widdowson, It is a character of hegemonic strength and its stability, where the hegemonic power can exert his control upon the international … Hegemonic stability theory (HST) is a theory of international relations, rooted in research from the fields of political science, economics, and history.HST indicates that the international system is more likely to remain stable when a single nation-state is the dominant world power, or hegemon. Arguing that the fundamental nature of international relations has not changed over the millennia, Professor Gilpin uses history, sociology, and economic theory to identify the forces causing change in the world order.
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