This committee was the largest association of Chinese merchants in the country, and it was required by the organization's constitution to include on its fifteen-member board six people from the Teochew group, three from the Cantonese, two from the Hokkien, two from the Hakka, and two from the Hainanese. The hospital board constituted the recognized leadership of Phnom Penh's Chinese community. Restrictions placed on them by the former PRK gradually disappeared.
According to statistics from the Ministry of Planning by the Cambodian government, approximately 15,000 individuals, or 0.1% out of the country's total population of 15 million were identified as ethnic Chinese in 2013. This was to be a high point in terms of the rights of the Chinese minorities. At the turn of the 20th century, Cambodia's rice mills was completely controlled by the Chinese and was responsible for the nation's entire export of rice. Of particular note is Mainland China's economic role in the country, which has emerged to become a dominant foreign player in Cambodia. Much of the foreign investment now entering Cambodia is being channeled through Overseas Chinese bamboo networks. "The Chinese, in addition to having their livelihood eradicated on the whole, also suffered because of their socioeconomic class. According to its statutes, the federation was designed to "aid Chinese nationals in the social, cultural, public health, and medical fields," to administer the property owned jointly by the Chinese community in Phnom Penh and elsewhere, and to promote friendly relations between Cambodians and Chinese. Willmott assumes that a Sino-Khmer elite dominated commerce in Cambodia from the time of independence well into the era of the Khmer Republic. They were mainly well-educated urban merchants, and thus were characteristic of the people whom the Khmer Rouge detested.The conditions for the ethnic Chinese, however, improved greatly under the SOC, the transitional avatar of the PRK after 1989. Many Chinese Cambodian families have their children learn Chinese to reaffirm their Chinese identity as Mandarin has been increasingly the primary language of business for Overseas Chinese business communities. By the 1960s, the Numerous Chinese Cambodian political leaders, entrepreneurs and community figures are of Teochew descent: Anti-Chinese feeling and policies emerged, however, after the coup of 1970 which saw the establishing of a pro-West government which considered the neighbouring People's Republic of China a dangerous threat - and the Chinese minorities in Cambodia as a possible fifth column.The year 1970 thus marks the beginning of almost two decades of severe repression of the Chinese minorities in Cambodia. One of these private schools claims to be the largest overseas Chinese school in the world, with some 10,000 students. Several prominent Chinese Cambodian tycoons and entrepreneurs are of Hainanese descent: In 1991, two years after the SOC's foundation, the Of particular note is China's economic role in the country, which encouraged Sino-Khmer businessmen to reestablish their past business which were once suppressed by the Khmer Rouge. A government census done in 1962 showed that 163,000 individuals Cambodian nationals were registered as Chinese, which amounted to as much as 3… Many members of the Chinese Cambodian business community often act as agents for expatriate Mainland and Overseas Chinese investors outside of Cambodia. The modern Cambodian economy is highly dependent on Sino-Khmer companies who controlled a large stake in the country's economy, and their support is enhanced by the large presence of lawmakers who are of at least part-Chinese ancestry themselves.The Chinese language study is increasing in Phnom Penh, with the subject recently added to the national curriculum at the university level.
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